游戏化管理研究述评与未来展望A Review of Gamification Management Research and Its Future Prospects
谢雅萍;刘玲;
摘要(Abstract):
“90后”新生代员工逐渐成为职场的中坚力量,探寻契合“90后”员工特性的新型管理方式迫在眉睫。越来越多的组织将游戏设计元素应用于管理实践活动,游戏化管理能够通过影响员工的心理状态和行为来激发员工工作激情,提高工作效率。游戏化管理研究是管理领域的新兴课题,日益受到学者们的广泛关注,文章从个体层面和组织层面对游戏化管理的概念内涵、影响因素、效应等方面进行系统综述,在此基础上指出现有研究的不足,提出未来研究的发展方向。
关键词(KeyWords): 游戏化;游戏化管理;游戏设计元素;管理模式
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金面上项目“创新环境要素对企业创新生态系统的影响机理研究”(71872047)
作者(Authors): 谢雅萍;刘玲;
参考文献(References):
- [1] ZICHERMANN G,LINDER J.Game-based marketing:inspire customer loyalty through rewards,challenges,and contests[M].Hoboken,New Jersey:John Wiley&Sons,2010.
- [2] SARANGI S,SHAH S.Individuals,teams and organizations score with gamification[J].Human Resource Management International Digest,2015,23(4):24-27.
- [3] WERBACH K,HUNTER D.For the win:how game thinking can revolutionize your business[M].Philadelpha,PA:Wharton Digital Press,2012.
- [4] ROBSON K,PLANGER K,KIETZMANN J,et al.Understanding gamification of consumer experiences[J].Advances in Consumer Research,2014,42(1):352-356.
- [5] DUVERNET A M,POPP E.Gamification of workplace practices[J].The Industrial-Organizational Psychologist,2014,52(1):39-44.
- [6] KAPP K M.The gamification of learning and instruction:Game-based methods and strategies for training and education[M].Hoboken,New Jersey:John Wiley&Sons,2012.
- [7] ZICHERMANN G,Cunningham C.Gamification by design:implementing game mechanics in web and mobile apps[M].[S.l]:O’Reilly Media,Inc.,2011.
- [8] DETERDING S,DIXON D,KHALED R,et al.From game design elements to gamefulness:defining “gamification”[C]//Proceedings of the 15th international academic MindTrek conference:envisioning future media environments,2011:9-15.
- [9] HAMARI J,KOIVISTO J,SARSA H.Does gamification work?——a literature review of empirical studies on gamification[C]//2014 47th Hawaii international conference on system sciences.Ieee,2014:3025-3034.
- [10] LIEBEROTH A.Shallow gamification:Testing psychological effects of framing an activity as a game[J].Games and Culture,2015,10(3):229-248.
- [11] KOIVISTO J,HAMARI J.The rise of motivational information systems:A review of gamification research[J].International Journal of Information Management,2019,45:191-210.
- [12] BUNCHBALL.Gamification 101:An introduction to the use of game dynamics to influence behavior[EB/OL].[2010-05-30].http://www.bunchball.com/sites/default/files/downloads/gamification101.html.
- [13] ZUCKERMAN O,GAL-OZ A.Deconstructing gamification:evaluating the effectiveness of continuous measurement,virtual rewards,and social comparison for promoting physical activity[J].Personal and ubiquitous computing,2014,18(7):1705-1719.
- [14] PENENBERG A L.Play at work:How games inspire breakthrough thinking[M].New York:Portfolio/Penguin,2015.
- [15] AHMED A,SUTTON M J D.Gamification,serious games,simulations,and immersive learning environments in knowledge management initiatives[J].World Journal of Science,Technology and Sustainable Development,2017,14(2/3):78-83.
- [16] ADRIáN DOMíNGUEZ,JOSEBA SAENZ-DE-NAVARRETE,LUIS DE-MARCOS,et al.Gamifying learning experiences:practical implications and outcomes[J].computers & Education,2013,63(63):380-390.
- [17] ZICHERMANN G,LINDER J.The gamification revolution:how leaders leverage game mechanics to crush the competition[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Education,2013.
- [18] HUOTARI K,HAMARI J.A definition for gamification:anchoring gamification in the service marketing literature[J].Electronic Markets,2017,27(1):21-31.
- [19] DETERDING S.Gamification:designing for motivation[J].Interactions,2012,19(4):14-17.
- [20] PRINCE J D.Gamification[J].Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries,2013,10(3):162-169.
- [21] WERBACH K.(Re) defining gamification:A process approach[C]//International conference on persuasive technology.Springer,Cham,2014:266-272.
- [22] HUNICKE R,LEBLANC M,ZUBEK R.MDA:A formal approach to game design and game research[C]//Proceedings of the AAAI workshop on challenges in game AI.2004,4(1):1722.
- [23] SCHELL J.The art of game design:a book of lenses[M].[S.l]CRC press,2008.
- [24] PALMER D,LUNCEFORD S,PATTON A J.The engagement economy:How gamification is reshaping businesses[EB/OL].[2012-06-18].https://dupress.deloitte.com/dup-us-en/deloitte-review/issue-11/the-engagement-economy-how-gamification-is-reshaping-businesses.html.
- [25] BLOHM I,LEIMEISTER J M.Gamification[J].Wirtsc-haftsinformatik,2013,55(4):275-278.
- [26] HOFACKER C F,DE RUYTER K,LURIE N H,et al.Gamification and mobile marketing effectiveness[J].Journal of Interactive Marketing,2016,34:25-36.
- [27] YEE N.Motivations for play in online games[J].CyberPsychology & Behavior,2006,9(6):772-775.
- [28] KOIVISTO J.Gamification:a study on users,benefits and literature[D].Tampere:The University of Tampere,2017.
- [29] CALLOIS R,BARASH M.Man,play,and games[M].Champaign,Illinois:University of Illinois Press,1961.
- [30] BEATTY J E,TORBERT W R.The false duality of work and leisure[J].Journal of Management Inquiry,2003,12(3):239-252.
- [31] DALE S.Gamification:Making work fun,or making fun of work?[J].Business Information Review,2014,31(2):82-90.
- [32] NICHOLSON S.A User-Centered Theoretical Framework for Meaningful Gamification[C]//Games+Learning+Society 8.0,Madison,WI.2012.
- [33] MCGONIGAL J.Reality is broken:why games make us better and how they can change the world[M].[S.l]Penguin,2011.
- [34] CARDADOR M T,NORTHCRAFT G B,WHICKER J.A theory of work gamification:something old,something new,something borrowed,something cool?[J].Human Resource Management Review,2017,27(2):353-365.
- [35] 耿天成,李朋波,梁晗.内生与外生动机视角下新生代员工的游戏化管理——以罗辑思维公司为例[J].中国人力资源开发,2017(6):108-115.
- [36] 林新奇,潘寒梅.游戏化管理在现代企业中的开发与应用[J].理学家(学术版),2013(9):74-80.
- [37] 廖渐帆,陈江.企业管理的新实践——游戏化管理[J].科技管理研究,2015,35(20):224-228.
- [38] 陈峰.新形势下的企业管理创新——游戏化管理——福建网龙计算机网络有限公司的实践[J].经营与管理,2018(7):75-78.
- [39] 孔茗,吕园园,钱小军.游戏化管理——让“触屏一代”爱上工作[J].清华管理评论,2019(1):46-52.
- [40] THALER R H,SUNSTEIN C R.Nudge:improving decisions about health[J].Wealth and Happiness,2008,19:356-360.
- [41] ROBSON K,PLANGGER K,KIETZMANN J H,et al.Game on:engaging customers and employees through gamification[J].Business horizons,2016,59(1):29-36.
- [42] ORAVEC J A.Gamification and multigamification in the workplace:expanding the ludic dimensions of work and challenging the work/play dichotomy[J].Cyberpsychology:Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace,2015,9(3):1-13.
- [43] SILIC M,BACK A.Impact of gamification on user’s knowledge-sharing practices:relationships between work motivation,performance expectancy and work engagement[C].In Proceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences,2017.
- [44] MOLICK E R,ROTHBARD N.Mandatory fun:consent,gamification and the impact of games at work[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,2013:1-54.
- [45] LANDERS R N,BAUER K N,CALLAN R C.Gamification of task performance with leaderboards:a goal setting experiment[J].Computers in Human Behavior,2017,71:508-515.
- [46] HAMARI J,KOIVISTO J.Social motivations to use gam-ification:an empirical study of gamifying exercise[C].ECIS,2013:105-118.
- [47] KOTSOPOULOS D,BARDAKI C,PAPAIOANNOU T G,et al.Gamification at work:employee motivations to participate and preferences for energy conservation[C].Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems,2018:1-17.
- [48] ITOKO T,ARITA S,KOBAYASHI M,et al.Involving senior workers in crowdsourced proofreading[C].International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction,2014:106-117.
- [49] BAGLEY K S.Conceptual mile markers to improve time-to-value for exploratory search sessions[D].[S.l]:University of Massachusetts Lowell,2012.
- [50] RANZ M.The impact of gamification on intrinsic motivation:an experimental study of administrative tasks[M].J?nk?ping University,J?nk?ping International Business School,JIBS:Business Informatics,2015.
- [51] CODISH D,RAVID G.Personality based gamification-educational gamification for extroverts and introverts[C].Proceedings of the 9th CHAIS Conference for the Study of Innovation and Learning Technologies:Learning in the Technological Era,2014:36-44.
- [52]■.Some factors hindering acceptance of three gamification solutions in motivation systems,in small and medium enterprises[J].Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy,2017,5(4):663-680.
- [53] MCDANIEL R,FANFARELLI J.Building better digital badges:pairing completion logic with psychological factors[J].Simulation & Gaming,2016,47(1):73-102.
- [54] 王泽宇,杨慧,孙煊婷.从内在动力到网络中心性:游戏化管理的创新业绩实证研究[J].中国人力资源开发,2016(1):23-29.
- [55] KOIVISTO J,HAMARI J.Demographic differences in perceived benefits from gamification[J].Computers in Human Behavior,2014,35:179-188.
- [56] THOM J,MILLEN D,DIMICCO J.Removing gamification from an enterprise SNS[C].Proceedings of the acm 2012 conference on computer supported cooperative work,2012:1067-1070.
- [57] SAHA M D,PANDITA D.Digitalizing human resources through gamification for employee engagement[J].ELK Asia Pacific Journals,2017:92-95.
- [58] BRüHLMANN F,MEKLER E,OPWIS K.Gamification from the perspective of self-determination theory and flow[D].[S.l]:University of Basel,2013.
- [59] ZENG Z,TANG J,WANG T.Motivation mechanism of gamification in crowdsourcing projects[J].International Journal of Crowd Science,2017,1(1):71-82.
- [60] ALGASHAMI A,CHAM S,VUILLIER L,et al.Conceptualising gamification risks to teamwork within enterprise[C].IFIP Working Conference on The Practice of Enterprise Modeling,2018:105-120.
- [61] CHEN E T.The Gamification as a resourceful tool to improve work performance[M].Gamification in education and business,2015:473-488.
- [62] BURAWOY M.Manufacturing consent:changes in the labor process under monopoly capitalism[M].University of Chicago Press,1982.
- [63] CHOU Y.Actionable gamification:beyond points,badges,and leaderboards[M].Packt Publishing Ltd,2019.
- [64] LUCASSEN G,JANSEN S.Gamification in consumer marketing-future or fallacy?[J].Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2014,148:194-202.
- [65] ASTOR A,AKHTAR T,MATALLANA M A,et al.Physician migration:views from professionals in Colombia,Nigeria,India,Pakistan and the Philippines[J].Social Science & Medicine,2005,61(12):2492-2500.
- [66] RIELEY J B.Are your employees gaming the system?[J].National Productivity Review,2000,19(3):1-6.
- [67] 赵有强,孙雨晴.步科公司的游戏化管理实践探索[J].中国人力资源开发,2015(24):51-59+67.
- [68] LANDERS R N,BAUER K N,CALLAN R C,et al.Psychological theory and the gamification of learning.Gamification in education and business[J].Springer International Publishing,2015:165-186.
- [69] JUNG J H,SCHNEIDER C,VALACICH J.Enhancing the motivational affordance of information systems:the effects of real-time performance feedback and goal setting in group collaboration environments[J].Management Science,2010,56(4):724-742.
- [70] MEKLER E D,BRüHLMANN F,OPWIS K,et al.Disassembling gamification:the effects of points and meaning on user motivation and performance[C].CHI’13 extended abstracts on human factors in computing systems,2013:1137-1142.
- [71] FITZ-WALTER Z,TJONDRONEGORO D,WYETH P.Orientation passport:using gamification to engage university students[C].Proceedings of the 23rd Australian computer-human interaction conference,2011:122-125.
- [72] PAUL P V.Knowledge management using gamification[J].International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research & Development,2016,3(1):35-39.
- [73] WIEGAND T,STIEGLITZ S.Serious fun-effects of gamification on knowledge exchange in enterprises[C].GI-Jahrestagung,2014:321-332.
- [74] 宁昌会,奚楠楠.国外游戏化营销研究综述与展望[J].外国经济与管理,2017,39(10):72-85.
- [75] KAVALIOVA M,VIRJEE F,MAEHLE N,et al.Crowds-ourcing innovation and product development:gamification as a motivational driver[J].Cogent Business & Management,2016,3(1):128-132.
- [76]■.Use of gamification in human resource management:impact on engagement and satisfaction[C].10th International Scientific Conference Business and Management,2018.